G295S mutation in <i>Gata4</i> results in cardiomyocyte proliferation defects.

<p>Immunofluorescent staining for phosphohistone H3 (red) along with desmin staining for cardiomyocytes (green) demonstrates decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation in <i>Gata4 G295S^ki/ki</i> (B) as compared to wildtype (A) in histologic sections of E9.5 hearts. V, ventricle. (C) Quantification of phosphohistone H3 (PH3) staining of cardiomyocytes is decreased in <i>Gata4 G295S^ki/ki</i> embryonic hearts when compared to wildtype. *, p value<0.05. (D) Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrates decreased cyclin D2 expression in the E9.5 hearts of both <i>Gata4 G295S^ki/wt</i> and <i>Gata4 G295S^ki/ki</i> embryos.*, p value<0.05. (E) Cyclin D2 β-gal reporter assays using wildtype Gata4 or Gata4 G295S mutant plasmids demonstrates that the G295S mutant protein has decreased transactivation ability as compared to wildtype Gata4. Error bars represent the standard deviation at least three independent experiments each performed in triplicate. *, p value<0.05. Scale bars indicate 200 µm.