Polarized CD4⁺ T cell frequencies following probiotic treatment.

<p>Polarized CD4⁺ T cells were gated based on the expression of IFNγ, IL5, IL10, or IL17 within the CD3⁺CD4⁺ T cell population (top plots). The gate was set based on staining with an isotype control (bottom plots). Representative FACS plots are depicted (A). Polarized CD4⁺ T cell frequencies in the mesenteric lymph node (N = 6) (MLN) and spleen (N = 6) following oral treatment with medium (white bars), L. lactis MG1363 (dashed bars), L. plantarum WCFS1 (grey bars), or L. salivarius UCC118 (black bars). Polarized CD4⁺ T cell frequencies are depicted as the frequency of IFNγ⁺ cells within CD4⁺ T cells (B&C), IL5⁺ cells within CD4⁺ T cells (D&E), IL10⁺ cells within CD4⁺ T cells (F&G), and IL17⁺ cells within CD4⁺ T cells (H&I). Results are depicted as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistical significance was calculated using the One-way ANOVA followed by a two-sided Dunnet post-hoc test. * represents P-values <0.05, ** represents P-values <0.01.