Covers of bryozoans on kelps on reefs after experimental exclusion of urchins and shading.

<p>Mean (± S.E.; <i>n</i> = 8) percentage cover of bryozoans on kelps 1 month after experimental exclusion of urchins and shading. Treatments are: Shade Undisturbed (SU), Shade Disturbed (SD), Shade Excluded (SE), Control Undisturbed (CU), Control Disturbed (CD), Control Excluded (CE), Undisturbed reefs (U), Disturbed (D), Excluded (E) and Undisturbed Pilings (P).