<p>Fold increases for each gene at each condition are shown after normalization to reference gene GAPDH and are compared to stimulation of media alone (dashed line). A) Type I and Type III IFN genes are markedly upregulated after TLR stimulation (Type II IFNγ was not expressed; data not shown). The poly I:C and loxoribine combined condition elicited the most pronounced expression, indicating a synergistic effect of TLR3 and TLR7 ligation. B) TLR stimulation induces PRR gene upregulation, most prominently RIG-I and TLR8. p values represent the Wilcoxon signed rank result for each gene and condition as compared to media only condition. * p<0.05+p<0.01±p<0.001 # p≤0.0001. Bars represent the mean and error bars are +/− SEM.</p
(A-F) Wild-type T84 cells were transduced with rIFNAR1 or rIFNLR1 to create stable lines overexpress...
<p>(<b>A</b>) WT and RIG-I−/− MEFs were co-transfected with IFNα4 or IFNβ promoter reporter plasmid ...
<p>(A) WT and <i>tlr3</i><sup>−/−</sup> activated mHSCs were treated with Poly(I∶C) (1 µg/ml) for 8 ...
<p>A) Gene expression changes in <i>ex vivo</i> pDCs after HCV PAMP RNA stimulation. Top: subjects w...
<p>(A) HEK293T cells were transfected with 40 ng full-length IFN-β promoter and increasing amounts o...
<p>BALB/c BMDM were treated with 10 ng/ml Pam<sub>3</sub>CSK<sub>4</sub> for 8 h, and then 20 ng/ml ...
<p>Panel A: PBMCs from males (n = 20) or from females (n = 40) were stimulated with Imiquimod as TLR...
<p>Control (white bars), Mda5-knockdown (striped bars) and TLR3-knockdown (black bars) DF-1 cells we...
<p>Flt-3L induced BM-derived DC were prepared from wild-type (WT), TLR2<sup>-/-</sup> and TLR4<sup>-...
<p>mDC generated from wild type and DKO mice were (A) stimulated with 50 µg/ml of poly(I∶C) or 2 µg/...
<p>(<b>A</b>) PBMCs from healthy donors were either incubated with 1000 U/ml interferon-β or left un...
<p>A) IFNβ mRNA expression at day 4 post-infection in LH86 cells after transfecting with a control s...
<p>HD11 cells were pre-treated with inhibitors and then incubated with Poly(I:C) or medium (Untr). E...
<p>(<i>Upper panels</i>) Representative contour plots illustrate the production of IFN-γ and TNF-α b...
<p>A549cells were first transfected with the siRNAs against RIG-I or PKR(3 µg)as shown or mock trans...
(A-F) Wild-type T84 cells were transduced with rIFNAR1 or rIFNLR1 to create stable lines overexpress...
<p>(<b>A</b>) WT and RIG-I−/− MEFs were co-transfected with IFNα4 or IFNβ promoter reporter plasmid ...
<p>(A) WT and <i>tlr3</i><sup>−/−</sup> activated mHSCs were treated with Poly(I∶C) (1 µg/ml) for 8 ...
<p>A) Gene expression changes in <i>ex vivo</i> pDCs after HCV PAMP RNA stimulation. Top: subjects w...
<p>(A) HEK293T cells were transfected with 40 ng full-length IFN-β promoter and increasing amounts o...
<p>BALB/c BMDM were treated with 10 ng/ml Pam<sub>3</sub>CSK<sub>4</sub> for 8 h, and then 20 ng/ml ...
<p>Panel A: PBMCs from males (n = 20) or from females (n = 40) were stimulated with Imiquimod as TLR...
<p>Control (white bars), Mda5-knockdown (striped bars) and TLR3-knockdown (black bars) DF-1 cells we...
<p>Flt-3L induced BM-derived DC were prepared from wild-type (WT), TLR2<sup>-/-</sup> and TLR4<sup>-...
<p>mDC generated from wild type and DKO mice were (A) stimulated with 50 µg/ml of poly(I∶C) or 2 µg/...
<p>(<b>A</b>) PBMCs from healthy donors were either incubated with 1000 U/ml interferon-β or left un...
<p>A) IFNβ mRNA expression at day 4 post-infection in LH86 cells after transfecting with a control s...
<p>HD11 cells were pre-treated with inhibitors and then incubated with Poly(I:C) or medium (Untr). E...
<p>(<i>Upper panels</i>) Representative contour plots illustrate the production of IFN-γ and TNF-α b...
<p>A549cells were first transfected with the siRNAs against RIG-I or PKR(3 µg)as shown or mock trans...
(A-F) Wild-type T84 cells were transduced with rIFNAR1 or rIFNLR1 to create stable lines overexpress...
<p>(<b>A</b>) WT and RIG-I−/− MEFs were co-transfected with IFNα4 or IFNβ promoter reporter plasmid ...
<p>(A) WT and <i>tlr3</i><sup>−/−</sup> activated mHSCs were treated with Poly(I∶C) (1 µg/ml) for 8 ...