Mortality and pathogenicity of TNF-α and IL-10 KO mice infected with JaTH160.

<p>(A) Survival curves of IL-10 KO (n=15) and TNF-α KO (n=14) B6 mice following subcutaneous infections with 10⁴ pfu of JaOArS982. WT B6 mice (n=15) show the same data of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071643#pone-0071643-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1B</a>. P: Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon Test. (B) Viral loads in the brain cortex of WT (Day 5: n=5, Day 7: n=9, Day 9: n=8), IL-10 KO (Day 5: n=5, Day 7: n=8, Day 9: n=6) and TNF-α KO (Day 5: n=5, Day 7: n=5) mice following subcutaneous infections with 10⁴ pfu of JaTH160 at 5, 7 and 9 days pi. Data of WT B6 mice at 5 and 9 days pi were same to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0071643#pone-0071643-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1D</a>. (C and D) mRNA levels of IFNγ, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5 in the brain cortex of WT, TNF-α KO and IL-10 KO mice infected with 10⁴ pfu of JaTH160 at 5 (C) and 7 (D) days pi. P: Kruskal-Wallis test, <i>p</i>: Mann Whitney test. (E) Histopathological features of WT, TNF-α KO and IL-10 KO mice infected with 10⁴ pfu of JaTH160 at 9 days pi. JEV antigens were detected using E-protein specific JEV antibody (insets). Each experiment represents four, five and six mice of WT, TNF-α KO and IL-10 KO mice, respectively. The B6 WT and IL-10 KO mice showed severe inflammatory reactions in the brain cortex. On other hand, the TNF-a KO mice exhibited acute necrotic changes with slight inflammatory reactions in the brain cortex.