Gene expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in hPdLF in response to stimulation with <i>E. coli</i> LPS, <i>P. gingivalis</i> LPS, and heat-killed <i>P. gingivalis</i>.

<p>Cells were stimulated with <i>E. coli</i> LPS (1 µg/ml), <i>P. gingivalis</i> LPS (0.1–1 µg/ml), or heat-killed <i>P. gingivalis</i> (10⁷–10⁸ cells/ml) for 24 h. Gene expression levels of IL-6 (A), IL-8 (B), and MCP-1 (C) were measured using q-PCR. Y-axes represent the n-fold expression levels of target gene in relation to non-stimulated cells (control).