Effect of β-HB on intracellular ROS level and intracellular calcium level in BSMCs.

<p>Intracellular ROS level was measured with DCFH-DA by confocal microscopy. Intracellular calcium level was measured with Fura-3/AM by confocal microscopy. A) and D) Cells were incubated 12 h with β-HB (0, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 or 4.8 mM) in serum-free medium. B) and E) Cells were incubated 12 h with β-HB (0, 2.4 mM) in serum-free medium with or without pretreatment with NAC (1 mM) or BAPTA/AM (15 µM). C) and F) Cells were incubated 12 h with β-HB (0, 2.4 mM) in medium with 10% FBS with or without pretreatment with NAC (1 mM) or BAPTA/AM (15 µM). The mean of three independent experiments is shown. *p<0.05, **p<0.01 versus control group.