The U-shaped curve for populations rescued by new mutation.

<p>100 randomly selected successful realizations in gray, mean of all successful realizations in black, Eq. 19 (expectation from new mutation) in red, Eq. 10 (expectation from standing variation) in blue. Ticks on X-axis represent observed (black) and predicted (red) <i>t_min</i> (Eq. 21) while ticks on the Y-axis represents observed (black) and predicted (red) <i>N_min</i> (Eq. 22). A) <i>N₀</i> = 10,000, <i>r</i> = 0.01, <i>s</i> = 0.02, <i>u</i> = 10⁻⁵ B) <i>N₀</i> = 100,000, <i>r</i> = 0.005, <i>s</i> = 0.015, <i>u</i> = 10⁻⁶; 10,000 realizations.