Cellular effects of autoantibodies to GRP78 on macrophages.

<p><i>A</i>.) Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) for phosphorylated NFkB among paired, concurrent autologous CD14⁺ derived macrophages was increased in all 10 normal specimens after incubation with patient-derived autoantibodies to GRP78 (α-GRP78), relative to control cells treated with normal human IgG. Patient derived anti-GRP78 autoantibodies also increased macrophage production of IL-8 (<i>B</i>.), CCL-2 (<i>C</i>.) and MMP9 (<i>C</i>.). Population means are denoted with a horizontal line.