Multiple targets are affected by heat treatment.

<p>(A), Serum TNF-α concentration from CIA mice was determined by ELISA. Error bars show SEM (n = 7). (B-C), TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations were detected in the tissue homogenates from naïve and CIA mice paws by ELISA (day 53). Error bars show SEM. Data are representative of two experiments. (D-E), tissue homogenates were prepared from naïve and CIA mice paws and expression of phosphorylated IKKα /β, NF-κB p65, p50, HSP70 and HIF-1α were detected by Western blotting. Each lane represents different mice. The graph shows the ratio of the band intensity of proteins normalized to β-actin. * p < 0.05, paired Student <i>t</i> test to compare treated to untreated group.