Areca nut induces TGF-β in HaCaT but not in hGF cells.

<p>a] Serum deprived HaCaT cells were treated with areca nut (5H; 5 μg/ml) with or without ALK5 inhibitor (10 μM of SB 431542) as described in material and methods. Expression of TGF-β and its activator THBS1 was analyzed by qPCR. Areca nut induced TGF-β and THBS1 which was compromised by ALK5inhibitor (SB 431542) P values ≤0.0001, ≤0.001, ≤0.01 are depicted as *** ** and * respectively. b] Serum deprived hGF cells were treated with areca nut and TGF-β (5H; 5 μg/ml; 10H; 10 μg/ml; TGF-β; T; 5 ng/ml). Expression of TGF-β ligands and receptor isoforms were assessed by semi quantitative PCR. Areca nut treatment did not induce TGF-β ligands and receptor isoforms. TGF-β treatment induced TGF-β1 isoform in hGF cells.