Expression of EMT markers in MDCK cells treated with TGF-β1 and AAT.

<p>TGF-β1 exposure increased the expression of α-SMA (A and B) and decreased the expression of E-cadherin (A and C), which were reversed by AAT co-treatment. Vimentin, fibronectin, and collagen I significantly increased after TGF-β1 treatment and decreased after co-treatment with TGF-β1 and AAT (D to G). The data were normalized relative to GAPDH control. MM, cells were cultured in medium for 24 hours and then in fresh medium for additional 48 hours; MA, cells were cultured in medium for 24 hours and then in medium containing AAT for additional 48 hours; MT, cells were cultured in medium for 24 hours and then in medium containing TGF-β1 for additional 48 hours; MTA, cells were cultured in medium for 24 hours and then in medium containing TGF-β1 and AAT for additional 48 hours.