Recent policies to enhance Renin-angiotensin prescribing efficiency in Europe; implications for the future

Renin - angiotensin (RA) drugs (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - ACEIs - and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers - ARBs) are accepted treatments for hypertension and Congestive Heart Failure. Coughing can occur with ACEIs leading to development of ARBs. Trials showed though discontinuation due to coughing in a minority of patients on ACEIs (2- - 3%). ARB prescribing restrictions in Austria as higher costs than ACEIs moderated utilisation. Other demand side measures in Spain (Catalonia) following generic ACEIs also moderated ARB utilisation