Iš lietuvių ir latvių tarmėtyros istorijos: leksikos klausimai Eduardo Volterio programose

<p><strong>FROM THE HISTORY OF LITHUANIAN AND LATVIAN DIALECTOLOGY STUDIES: ISSUES OF LEXIS IN </strong><strong>EDUARD </strong><strong>VOLTER’S PROGRAMMES</strong></p><p><em>Summary</em></p><p>Geolinguistic research into the lexis of the Lithuanian and Latvian languages should be linked to the first questionnaires of the latter half of the nineteenth century when a comprehensive gathering of folklore, ethnographical and language facts started in the north-western part of the Russian Empire – the present-day Lithuania and Latvia.</p><p>The article focuses on the first Lithuanian and Latvian programmes drawn up on the initiative of Eduard Volter – „Программа для указания особенностей говоров Литвы и Жмуди” (Санкт Петербург, 1886) that is considered the first questionnaire of Lithua­nian dialectal studies and „Programma tautas gara mantu krājējiem“ (Jelgava, 1892) that dealt with the Latvian cultural heritage (ethnography, ethnology, mythology, etc.). Al­though the programmes are of a different nature, some of the questions are common for both of them. Three common semantic question groups should be distinguished: 1) the names of the nations under research – the Lithuanian (and Žemaitian) as well as the Latvian – and the neighbouring nations (the Belarusians, Russians, Latvians, Lithua­nians, and the Kurshes); 2) the names of living quarters <em>(kaimas, kiemas, </em><em>ulyčia) </em>and of houses and homesteads; 3) issues connected with mythology.</p><p>The first Lithuanian and Latvian programmes already revealed common semantic lexical groups. A detailed analysis of these programmes creates conditions for further search for parallels in the studies of Lithuanian and Latvian.