Post-operative cognitive dysfunction has been widely observed, especially in older patients. An association of post-operative cognitive dysfunction with the neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, has been suggested. Neuroinflammation contributes to Alzheimer pathology, through elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglial activation in the CNS leading to neuronal damage, synaptic disruption and ultimately cognitive dysfunction. We compare the effects of three different, clinically-used, anesthetics on microglial activation with, and without, the prototypical inflammatory trigger, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Microglial BV-2 cell cultures were first exposed to isoflurane, sevoflurane (each at 2 concentrations) or propofol...
<p>Primary cultured glial cells were exposed for 4 hours to LPS (1 µg/ml) in the presence of pentoba...
<p>(A, B) Effect of anesthetics on nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) tran...
BACKGROUND: Septic encephalopathy is believed to be a result of neuro-inflammation possibly triggere...
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction has been widely observed, especially in older patients. An asso...
BACKGROUND: Glial cells, including microglia and astrocytes, are considered the primary source of pr...
<p>The cytokine response to anesthetic exposures was evaluated in the cell lysate and supernatant fr...
Background: Glial cells, including microglia and astrocytes, are considered the primary source of pr...
BACKGROUND: Septic encephalopathy is believed to be a result of neuro-inflammation possibly triggere...
Background: Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance and incre...
Background: Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance and incre...
Background: Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance and incre...
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent clinical entity following surgery and is c...
Abstract Background Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance a...
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a multifactorial process with a huge number of predisp...
<p>Compared to LPS alone, the addition of volatile anesthetics significantly elevated the IL-6 (A) a...
<p>Primary cultured glial cells were exposed for 4 hours to LPS (1 µg/ml) in the presence of pentoba...
<p>(A, B) Effect of anesthetics on nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) tran...
BACKGROUND: Septic encephalopathy is believed to be a result of neuro-inflammation possibly triggere...
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction has been widely observed, especially in older patients. An asso...
BACKGROUND: Glial cells, including microglia and astrocytes, are considered the primary source of pr...
<p>The cytokine response to anesthetic exposures was evaluated in the cell lysate and supernatant fr...
Background: Glial cells, including microglia and astrocytes, are considered the primary source of pr...
BACKGROUND: Septic encephalopathy is believed to be a result of neuro-inflammation possibly triggere...
Background: Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance and incre...
Background: Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance and incre...
Background: Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance and incre...
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent clinical entity following surgery and is c...
Abstract Background Surgery and anesthesia have been linked to postoperative cognitive disturbance a...
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a multifactorial process with a huge number of predisp...
<p>Compared to LPS alone, the addition of volatile anesthetics significantly elevated the IL-6 (A) a...
<p>Primary cultured glial cells were exposed for 4 hours to LPS (1 µg/ml) in the presence of pentoba...
<p>(A, B) Effect of anesthetics on nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) tran...
BACKGROUND: Septic encephalopathy is believed to be a result of neuro-inflammation possibly triggere...