Researchers analysing the literary output by the author of The Ring of a Great Lady (Pierścień Wielkiej Damy) hold a continuous debate on his affinity with Romaticism or Modernism. The question about the modernity of Norwidian thought is at the same time a difficult question about the modernity of Polish Romanticism. To what extent was he involved in the artistic ideas originated by his great predecessors – Mickiewicz, Słowacki and Krasiński – and to what extent is his thought genuinely exceptional and ground-breaking? In the article, its author decides to focus on Norwid’s later dramatic output, since it was fully subordinated to modern reflection and presented the author of Cleopatra and Caesar (Kleopatra i Cezar) as a forerunner of conce...