Medieval logic.

Many people unfamiliar with the history of logic may think of the Middle Ages as a \Dark Ages" in logic, with little development beyond Aristotelian syllogistic and full of scholastic wrangling focused on uninteresting details. This could not be further from the case. Instead, the Middle Ages, especially at the end of the High Middle Ages and into the 14th century, was a period of vibrant activity in logic, in many dierent areas|the (re)birth of propositional logic, the development of interactive and dynamic reasoning, sophisticated semantic theories able to address robust paradoxes, and more. The period can be characterized by a focus on the applied aspects of logic, such as how it relates to linguistic problems, and how it is used in inter-personal contexts