English short version at the end of the articleIn 1787, the draft of a Federal Constitution reveals a strange omission : it is not preceded by a Bill of Rights. This is most paradoxical, as it is the liberal Madison who refuses it, when the democrat Jefferson jealously defends the citizens' liberties. In reality, Madison also defends liberty, but in a new concept of republic : for him, when the people are not only the governed, but the governing part of the republic, the liberties and rights that must be defended are no more the people's at large liberties, but the "minorities and individuals"'s, then of the proprietaries', against the abuses of power which is now exerted by governing majorities. But here they disagree fundamentally, and Je...
There has been a « state » in the United States, powerful and strong, since Americans built a second...
Although most historians know about the various compromises on slavery and the slave trade that were...
En 1777, la guerre contre l’Angleterre impose l’union des États, notamment pour soutenir l’effort de...
La république moderne semble s’originer dans un paradoxe essentiel, que Tosel formule comme « la non...
During the deliberations on the 1787 Constitution in the United States, the debate between federalis...
During the deliberations on the 1787 Constitution in the United States, the debate between federalis...
The Republic, an “ habit neuf” ? Changing Colonies into Republics was probably not as “easy” as yea...
The Republic, an “ habit neuf” ? Changing Colonies into Republics was probably not as “easy” as yea...
a system of constitutional boundaries delineating precisely the jurisdictions of the various governm...
The U.S. Constitution forbids the states to impair the obligation of contracts, and rights of proper...
The U.S. Constitution forbids the states to impair the obligation of contracts, and rights of proper...
Selon James Madison le gouvernement direct par le peuple ne causait qu’instabilité et désordre qui f...
Selon James Madison le gouvernement direct par le peuple ne causait qu’instabilité et désordre qui f...
Alan FoxIn American political philosophy, a highly contested topic is whether or not the United Stat...
The purpose of this article is to examine whether Thomas Jefferson's expansionist “Empire of Liberty...
There has been a « state » in the United States, powerful and strong, since Americans built a second...
Although most historians know about the various compromises on slavery and the slave trade that were...
En 1777, la guerre contre l’Angleterre impose l’union des États, notamment pour soutenir l’effort de...
La république moderne semble s’originer dans un paradoxe essentiel, que Tosel formule comme « la non...
During the deliberations on the 1787 Constitution in the United States, the debate between federalis...
During the deliberations on the 1787 Constitution in the United States, the debate between federalis...
The Republic, an “ habit neuf” ? Changing Colonies into Republics was probably not as “easy” as yea...
The Republic, an “ habit neuf” ? Changing Colonies into Republics was probably not as “easy” as yea...
a system of constitutional boundaries delineating precisely the jurisdictions of the various governm...
The U.S. Constitution forbids the states to impair the obligation of contracts, and rights of proper...
The U.S. Constitution forbids the states to impair the obligation of contracts, and rights of proper...
Selon James Madison le gouvernement direct par le peuple ne causait qu’instabilité et désordre qui f...
Selon James Madison le gouvernement direct par le peuple ne causait qu’instabilité et désordre qui f...
Alan FoxIn American political philosophy, a highly contested topic is whether or not the United Stat...
The purpose of this article is to examine whether Thomas Jefferson's expansionist “Empire of Liberty...
There has been a « state » in the United States, powerful and strong, since Americans built a second...
Although most historians know about the various compromises on slavery and the slave trade that were...
En 1777, la guerre contre l’Angleterre impose l’union des États, notamment pour soutenir l’effort de...