The Monopoly of Matches of Japanese Colonial Period in Taiwan

[[abstract]]本文透過探討日治時期的火柴專賣政策，來了解臺灣總督府在戰爭的時空背景之下，是如何調整政府政策的？也希望透過火柴專賣的執行細節，可以清楚地了解專賣制度是如何推動以及專賣品流通的過程，並進一步探討火柴專賣政策在社會上執行的情況。 第一章探討日治時期臺灣火柴產業。由於臺灣的火柴市場幾乎由日製火柴所支配，因此將先介紹日本火柴工業及其特色。接著，探討當時臺灣日本火柴進出口情況以及島內火柴市場的運作狀態。第二章主要是研究臺灣總督府在火柴專賣政策實施前的準備工作，包含火柴稅、火柴配給統制，甚至對外國火柴專賣的調查。並且說明總督府推行火柴政策的理由以及對火柴商人的處理措施。第三章所探究的是火柴專賣政策的實施狀況，檢視火柴專賣政策到底能否達成預期的目標。最後，透過分析火柴專賣對於臺灣總督府的助益，來了解臺灣火柴專賣的重要性。 在火柴專賣的制度下，總督府專賣局自行生產、收購、分配火柴，整體流通模式也更加精簡。這樣一來，臺灣總督府對於火柴的控管可謂是更進一步。再加上，火柴專賣對於臺灣總督府財政收入的重要性並不顯著，故可以推論臺灣火柴專賣的目的著重於戰爭環境下物資的統制。[[abstract]]The theme of this article is the monopoly of matches during Japanese colonial period. Through this policy, the author not only attempts to know Taiwan Governor-General Office how to adjust government policies during the war, but also wants to discuss the importance of the monopoly of matches. In Chapter1, because the people of Taiwan almost use Japanese matches, the author introduces the industry of match in Japan at first. And then, the author analyze the market of match in Taiwan. In Chapter2, the author discusses Taiwan Governor-General Office’s preparations before the monopoly of matches, and explains that why Taiwan Governor-General Office want to execute the monopoly of matches. In Chapter3,the author discusses the condition of the monopoly, and try to find out the importance of the monopoly of matches. Finally, because the income of the monopoly of matches is not important for Taiwan Governor-General Office, the author considers that the importance of the monopoly of matches is the control of goods during the war.[[note]]碩