(9(2):1-13)GENIC ANALYSIS IN RICE I. Coloration Genes and inheritance of other characters in rice.

為探討水稻稻體各部位之顏色及其他性狀之遺傳因子系統，筆者利用Jodon，長尾及高橋各氏之遺傳因子標識稻(gene markers)與臺灣蓬萊種，臺中65號等雜交，並觀察顏色及各性狀在F2之分離情形。根據長尾氏(1951)之研究，支配稻稃尖顏色之遣傳因子有C, Sp及A之三對。本試驗根據此等因子系統之假說對供試稻品種，加以分析並定各系統之遺傳因子型。 柱頭之著色一般在稃尖著色之下位(Hypostatic)而受將由C, Sp及A三因子之相互作用所產生的色素分佈至柱頭之Ps因子支配。除此之外，柱頭色又為有互助作用(Complementary)關係之I1ps及I2ps之兩對抑制因子(Inbibitors)，所支配，其中之I2ps與Sp有完全連鎖之關係，對於稃尖以外之植物體，即穎色、葉鞘、葉節及葉間等部位著色之遺傳亦認為係在稃尖著色之下位。 另外對各形態遺傳因子亦曾作研究。曲莖受ts1及ts2之兩對穩性因子支配，其中之一與Sp有連鎖關係。在Sp因子座之附近，ts1（或ts2）與ltg（長曲粒）, ts1（或ts2）與d（7237之矮性）Sp與d之間有連鎖關係，其因子之交換值(Recombination value)均有計算。植物體脆弱性(Brittle culm)，谷粒無毛(Glabrous hull)，無葉舌(Ligulelessness)，長護穎（Long empty gfumes）及散開性(Lazy)等均受單隱性因子控制，此等性狀在本研究之範圍內未能找到連鎖關係。 In order to investigate the systems of genes for colorations at various parts and other characters of the rice plant, established by Nagao and Takahashi (1951-1959) and by Jodon (1948-1955), strains designated as gene markers by these authors were crossed with a strain of Taichung No. 65, a representive Japonica variety of Taiwan. The anthocyanic coloration of apiculus is controlled by three complementary genes symboled by Nagao (1951) C, Sp and A. Their combinations in the used strains were determined first based on F2 segreation ratios. Next, the coloration of stigmas is usually hypostatic to that of apiculus. A gene Ps, which spreads the pigment produced by C, Sp and A into stigmas, was assumed for this character. It should be assumed further, however, that there are two complementary inhibitors which suppress the action of Ps, symboled I1ps and I2ps , and that the latter is linked with Sp. Further genes for colorations in other parts of the plant, i. e. glumes, leaf sheath, node and internode, which were generally hypostatic to apiculur coloration, were surveyed. Genes for various morphological traits were also investigated in addition. The twistedness of stems was found to be controlled by duplicated recessive genes ts1 and ts2 One of them was linked with Sp. Around the Sp locus, further, linkage relations were found between ts1 (or ts2) and ltg (long twisted grain), ts1 (or ts2) and d (dwarfness in strain 7237), and between Sp and d, and recombination fractions were estimated for each. Brittleness of cuims, glabrousness of hulls, ligulelessness, long empty-glumes, and lazyness were each found to be controlled by a recessive gene. No linkage relation could be detected for them within the materials used