(54(4):227-234)Effect of Endosperm Type and Genetic Background on Pericarp Thickness in Maize Inbred Lines

以B14、B37及M14三種遺傳背景的su1、wx、su2、sh1、o2及野生型等六種胚乳型所組合成的18個自交系為材料，探討遺傳背景與胚乳型改變對果皮性狀表現之影響。結果顯示，遺傳背景的不同、胚乳型的種類及遺傳背景與胚乳型之交感作用均對籽粒重、發芽面果皮厚度、非發芽面果皮厚度、果皮含量、平均果皮厚度、發芽面與非發芽面果皮厚度差值等性狀均有極顯著影響。三種遺傳背景相較，顯示M14具有最薄的果皮厚度及果皮含量，發芽面厚度大於非發芽面；其次為B14；最厚者為B37，同時也具有最高之果皮含量。六種胚乳型相比較，顯示wx胚乳型具有最薄之果皮厚度，其次為su1及sh1胚乳型，再其次為su2胚乳型，最厚者為o2與野生型。果皮含量以wx最少，其次為su2與o2胚乳型，最多者為su1、sh1及野生型。wx基因不論在何種遺傳背景下與正常胚乳型相較，均呈現有降低果皮厚度及含量之作用。Eighteen genotypes of maize inbred lines combined from six types of endosperm, including su1, wx, su2, sh1, o2, wild type, and three genetic backgrounds, including B14, B37, and M14 were used as the materials. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of endosperm types on pericarp thickness in three gentetic background of maize inbred lines. The results showed that pericarp thickness of kernel was significantly affected by genetic background, endosperm types, and interactions of endosperm type and genetic background. Average pericarp thickness and contents of genetic background averaged across endosperm types range from 83 μm (M14) to 170.2μm (B37), and 5.99% (M14) to 13.9% (B37), respectively. Averaged across genetic backgrounds, the endosperm wx had significantly thinner pericarp thickness, 100.3 μm and lowest pericarp contents (7.32%) than other endosperm types. The endosperm o2 and wild type had thickest pericarp thickness and highest pericarp contents. Pericarp thickness and content of waxy endosperm type were thinner than others, indicated the decreased effect on pericarp thickness of maize inbred lines