(44(2):93-100)Studies on the Tillering, Ratoon Ability and Some Agronomic Characteristics in Maize, Teosinte and Their Hybrid

臺灣牧草生產，夏季充裕而冬季不足，如何善用種原以育成可供冬季生產之青割玉米品種，是值得研究的課題。本試驗以一年生大芻草TeA（Euchlaena Mexicana, 2n＝20），多年生大芻草TeP（Zea diplorerennis, 2n＝20）、玉米自交系B77（Zea mays, 2n＝20）及其雜交種為材料，進行分蘗性及再生能力等農藝性狀之探討。結果顯示，在秋作環境下，TeA比TeP有較多之早期分蘗數，而在抽穗期之分蘗數則相近；主莖上著生雌穗之節數，TeA及TeP均比B77多；出土後60天之乾物重及出土後30天之作物生長速率（crop growth rate, CGR）均以TeA最大，其次為B77，最小者為TeP。B77 × TeA及B77 × TeP均比TeA或TeP具有較少之分蘗數，且主莖上著生雌穗之節數也較少：雜交種比其兩親本具有較大的乾物重及CGR。TeA × TeP之早期分蘗數及主莖節數均比親本多，且較親本晚開花及吐絲，出土後60天之乾物重及出土後30天之CGR表現則較親本差。吐絲期青割後之再生能力，親本以TeP最高，其次為TeA，B77則無再生力；雜交種再生力的表現，以TeA × TeP最好，其次為B77 × TeP，而B77 × TeA並無任何再生芽出現。Aunual teosinte TeA (Euchlaena mexicana 2n＝20), perennial diploid teosinte TeP ( Zea diploperennis, 2n＝20), maize inbred line B77 (Zea mays, 2n＝20) and their hybrids were used to investigate the inheritance of tillering, ratoon ability and other agronomic characteristics. The results are summaried as follows: TeA had more early stage tillers than TeP, but had similar tiller number at tasseling stage in fall cropping season. The number of ear-bearing-node on the main stalk of B77 was less than that of teosinte. The dry weight measured at 60 days after emergence and crop growth rate (CGR) measured at 30 days after emergence were larger in TeA, while those of TeP were smaller. The tiller number and the number of ear-bearing-node on the main stalk of B77 × TeA and B77 × TeP were less than those of TeA and TeP, but B77 × TeA and B77 × TeP had more dry weight and CGR than their parents. TeA × TeP had less CGR and dry weight than their parents. TeP had better ratoon ability following by TeA, while B77 was unable to regrow after being cut in the silking stage. TeA × TeP hybrid had larger ratoon ability following by B77 × TeP, but B77 × TeA had no ratoon ability