This article explores the concept of an Islamic state in Aceh within a historical and political context. Utilizing qualitative methods that combine biographical studies and documentary analysis, the research focuses on the role of Husaini M. Hasan in the Aceh Merdeka Movement and his efforts to implement Islamic Sharia in Aceh. Tracing Aceh's history from the colonial era to the modern day, the article depicts how Aceh has strived to maintain its Islamic identity within the framework of the Republic of Indonesia. The study elucidates the relationship between Aceh's desire to implement Islamic Sharia and its aspirations for unique regional autonomy and national identity. This analysis reveals how political thought and Islamic ideology shape ...