Korelasi Kadar Fenol dan Flavonoid terhadap Indeks Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Batang Vernonia amygdalina: Correlation of Phenol and Flavonoid Content with Antioxidant Activity Index of Vernonia amygdalina Stem Extracts

Bitter leaf (in Africa) is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Vernonia which is the most prominent in the family Asteraceae that has been studied in Africa. African leaves have been widely used for traditional medicine and/or treating various human diseases. This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds that correlate to the antioxidant activity of V. amygdalina stem. Extraction of V. amygdalina stem was carried out by reflux method. Determination of total phenol and flavonoid content was done spectroscopically. Antioxidant activity was measured based on antioxidant activity index (AAI) using DPPH and CUPRAC methods. Correlation coefficient between bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity using Pearson's correlation method. The results showed the antioxidant activity index of V. amygdalina stem showed strong to very strong activity. The ethyl acetate extract showed the highest total phenol and flavonoid levels. The phenol and flavonoid content of V. amygdalina stem extract showed a strong and significant correlation to the antioxidant activity index with a positive r value Kata Kunci: AAI, DPPH, CUPRAC, pearson’s correlation Abstrak Daun afrika merupakan spesies yang paling banyak dibudidayakan dari genus Vernonia yang paling menonjol dalam famili Asteraceae yang telah dipelajari di Afrika. Daun afrika telah banyak digunakan untuk pengobatan tradisional dan/atau mengobati berbagai penyakit pada manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui senyawa bioaktif yang berkorelasi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dari batang V. amygdalina. Ekstraksi batang V. amygdalina dilakukan dengan metode refluks. Penentuan kadar fenol dan flavonoid total dilakukan secara spektroskopi. Aktivitas antioksidan diukur berdasarkan indeks aktivitas antioksidan (AAI) dengan metode DPPH dan CUPRAC. Koefisien korelasi antara senyawa bioaktif dan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode korelasi pearson’s. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan indeks aktivitas antioksidan batang V. amygdalina menunjukkan aktivitas yang kuat hingga sangat kuat. Kadar fenol dan flavonoid total tertinggi ditunjukkan pada ekstrak etil asetat. Kadar fenol dan flavonoid ekstrak batang V. amygdalina menunjukkan korelasi kuat dan signifikan terhadap indeks aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai r positif. Kata Kunci: AAI, DPPH, CUPRAC, korelasi pearson’