A Study Review of Documented Phytochemistry of Vernonia amygdalina (Family Asteraceae) as the Basis for Pharmacologic Activity of Plant Extract

This study was conducted to review phytochemistry of Vernonia amygdalina leaves as a basis for documented pharmacologic activity of the extract of Vernonia amygdalina. The documented phytochemical screening studies reveals the presence of Phytochemical screening of various solvent (aqueous, methanol, acetone and n-hexane) extract of Vernonia amygdalina has shown the presence of Anthraquinones (+++), Soluble tannins (++), Condensed tannins (+), Flavonoids (+), Alkaloids (+++), Indole alkaloids (+), Steroidal alkaloids (+++), Saponins (+++), Glycosides (++), Cyanogenic glycosides (-), Terpenoids (+++). Studies conducted to determine or/and ascertain the pharmacologic activities of Vernonia amygdalina extract has revealed that these aforementioned phytochemicals are responsible for the majority of these observed pharmacologic activities including but not limited to hypoglycaemic, antimalarial, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, anti oxidant activities. Keyword: Vernonia amygdalina Phytochemistry, Leave extrac