Achieving an opt imized combinat ion of crash safety performanceand a l ightweight structure has been an important chal lenge inautomot ive body engineering. The appl icat ion of high-strength steelto auto-body structures has been considered an ef f icient solut ion tothis problem and is feasible at a lower cost in volume product ion inthe automot ive industry. As the formabi l i ty of high-strength steelshas been improved by opt imizing the metal l ic microstructure, therange of appl icat ions of high-st rength steels has been expandinginto auto-body structures. Thus, advanced high-strength steels wi thstrengths of 980 MPa to 1470 MPa are now used in structural parts,which play a crucial role in crash safety performance.Whi le advanced hig...