The main objective of this thesis is to propose new electroanalytical approaches based on the exploitation of reactions at the counter-electrode (CE) instead of those taking place at the surface of the working electrode (WE). Our study focuses on two distinct processes at the CE: one exploiting the metal electrodeposition at the CE for the analysis by anodic stripping of species usually impossible to detect at the WE by this method, and the other exploiting the electrochromic character of the EC for mapping the electrochemical reactivity of the WE via local optical changes on the EC. In a first part, we propose a new approach and demonstrate its ability to be able to carry out an analysis by preconcentration and electrochemical stripping of...