Education is a continuous process of preparing young people to enter adulthood, of equipping them with the tools and knowledge necessary to cope in the future so that they can cope both in the labor market and in their personal life as well as in functioning in society. It is also, in its own way, a process of “human enhancement.” This article aims to introduce the fashionable and widely commented philosophical concepts of transhumanism and posthumanism. First, some of the most famous and popular visions of the future from visionaries at the end of the 19th century are presented, with a particular emphasis on those that have in some way come true. In the next part of the article, the very concepts of transhumanism and posthumanism are clari...