A Conceptual Study on Total Quality Management from Management Theories and Management Techniques

Management, which is a concept as old as the history of humanity , gained a scientific character with Taylor's book " Principles of Scientific Management" in the first quarter of the 1900s, and then continued its change by enriching it with research , assumptions and experiences based on cyclical developments . the management approaches , which are generally examination in four basic stages as the classic Period , the Neo - Classical Period , the Modern Period and the PostModern Period , have become an interdisciplinary discipline since the Neo- Classical School, where the importance of the human element in businesses is understood .Of the first years of the scientific management approach , Taylor, Fayol and Weber talked about inefficiency , not doing things properly , and the difficulties caused by traditional methods ; They tried to develop methods to increase productivity _ Classical Management attributed the most important reason for inefficiency to the management approach . the traditional management approach with black order has been seen as the cause of waste . When the weaknesses in the managerial field were combined with the wrong perspective on the human element productivity could not be mentioned. The importance of the human factor in production was understand during the Neoclassical School period . it was realized in the famous Hawthorne Experiments , performed in the period between 1924-1932, that behaviors and attitudes are effective in increasing work efficiency _ social Psychologist Elton Mayo essentially wanted to test the theorems of classical understanding and revealed the importance of the human factor . Afterwards , various theorems have developed in the managerial lane with modern management understandings . Theories such as systems approach , contingency theory and resource dependency have attracted attention on the necessity of evaluating business together with their environment . Total Quality Management, on the other hand , was developed on the basis that the concept of quality should be approached as a whole and adopted that the human element should be at the center of the understanding of quality. Of this study , management and management approaches were evaluated theoretically , the historical process of management was examined , some theorists who contributed to the development and scientific qualification of management were included , and the assumptions of theorists were tried to be examined . Of addition , the main elements related to the basic management techniques have been discussed with short titles , Total Quality Management, one of these techniques , has been investigated with its conceptual aspects and its importance for business has been revealed