THE HOBBESIAN PREMISE IN DEFENSE OF AUTHORITARIANISM: PESSIMISM AS A GUARANTEE MECHANISM FOR THE SUBTRACTION OF INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM

We investigate the impact of pessimistic assumptions on the construction of repressive State policies. If Rousseau and Locke, through optimistic assumptions regarding the concept of man, erect their State models by encouraging political and economic freedom, and the limited State, Schopenhauer and Hobbes, through pessimistic assumptions, orchestrate their models of maximum and invasive State. The main objective is to expose the accumulation of power by the State as a corollary of a pessimistic stance. The research followed the hypothetical-deductive method through bibliographic research, data collection and analysis. The initial hypothesis to be defended claims the State is an institution that naturally demonizes the human figure in order to better control and govern it, through its fears and linguistic manipulation. The conclusion links the imposition of fear upon people with an increase in ruling power, with which, overburdening himself with prerogatives and immunities, the ruler starts to address the fears of the governed unit and, at the same time, decreases the margin for individual action