FREQUENCY AND SUSCEPTIBILITY PROFILE OF PATHOGENS CAUSING URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (UTIS)

Objective: To determine the frequency of bacterial agents responsible for Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) and to get an updated knowledge about their pattern of antibiotic susceptibility Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted for duration of 8 months at Microbiology laboratory of Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, starting from March, 2019 to November, 2019. Urine cultures specimens from 440 patients with most common bacterial agents causing Urinary Tract Infections i.e. E.coli, Staphylococcus Aureus, Klebsiella, Enterococcus Faecalis, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Staphylococcus saprophytic Proteus Mirabilis were included. Specimens causing bacterial agents which are less likely to cause urinary tract Infections were excluded. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used to collect data. Data was collected with the help of Self structured Performa and laboratory testing. Data was analysed by using software, SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) Version 22. Frequency and percentages were calculated. The research was conducted after due permission from the ERC (ethical review committee) and permission from pathology department of Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi. Results: Study showed that out 440 urine samples collected from patients 296(67.3%) were female and 144 (32.7%) were male. According to our study findings Infective Agent E. coli is responsible for 74.8% cases, Klebsiella causes 10.5% , Enterococcus causes 5.5%, S. Aureus causes 3.9%, Pseudomonas causes 2.7%, Acinetobacter causes 1.4%, Enterobacter causes 1.1%, Proteus causes 0.2% of cases. Isolated Gram negative are susceptible to different antibiotics, proteus is susceptible to Piperacillin, Ceftriaxone, Gentamicin, Amoxicillin, Aztreonam, Ciprofloxacin, Sulzone, Meropenim. Enterobacter is susceptible to Aztreonam, Meropenim, Vancomycin. Pseudomonas is susceptible to Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, sulzone, fosfomycin. Klebsiella is susceptible to Fosfomycin. E.coli is susceptible to Doxycycline. Gram positive bacteria(S. Aureus and enterococci) is susceptible to vancomycin. Conclusion: Women have higher rate of Urinary tract Infections as compared to men. Urinary tract infections are caused more because of causative gents of Gram negative bacteria. Keywords: Antibiotics, Bacterial Growth, Urine Sample, Urinary tract Infections