A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF HORMONES ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN PREMENOPAUSAL AND POSTMENOPAUSAL FEMALE

Objective: To determine the hormonal effects on bone mineral density in premenopausal and postmenopausal women to detect bone mineral density, osteopenia and osteoporosis in these women. Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in In the Medicine Department of Services Hospital Lahore from May 2019 to July 2019. There were 34 premenopausal and 33 postmenopausal women sampled and their bone mineral densities were determined using the DXL calscan heel densitometer. The weight and height of each individual were determined to gauge the body mass index (BMI). To determine the variation between the two groups, a t-test was performed, and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between the two groups. Results: In postmenopausal women, Bone mineral density (T score) was significantly lower than in premenopausal women (p = 0.000). Osteopenia was present in 70.59% of premenopausal women and 63.64% of postmenopausal women and osteoporosis was present in 30.30% of postmenopausal women. There was a static negative correlation (p = 0.0016) between bone mineral density and age in postmenopausal women. Conclusion: Bone mineral density decreased significantly in postmenopausal women and this density decreased with age. More than two thirds of premenopausal and postmenopausal women were found to demonstrate osteopenia, while 30% of postmenopausal women were osteoporotic. Key words: Bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, osteopenia, Premenopausal, postmenopausal