СУДДЯ ЯК СУБ'ЄКТ ЮРИДИЧНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ

Annotation. The purpose of the article is to study and define a judge as a subject of legal responsibility. It is indicated that the concept of “subject of legal responsibility” is associated with mutual legal obligations and subjective rights of the offender, on the one hand, and the state, on the other. Judges, as bearers of power, are endowed with a special legal status, which follows from the classical construction of the legal status of an individual and differs in features due to the belonging of these officials to representatives of power. The legal status of a judge is determined by special laws (“On the Judicial System and the Status of Judges”, “On the High Council of Justice”, “On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine”, etc.). Due to the peculiarities of his legal status, the limits of his implementation of subjective and legal obligations differ mainly in the tasks and functions that he performs. A judge, like every citizen of our country, has the right to freedom of expression, but he should not publicly express his thoughts on political issues, if they have become the subject of court proceedings, or about the political situation in the country, he has no right to discuss these questions with the participants in the trial. It has been proven that offenses and abuses committed by a judge while in this status of a judge may result in specific legal responsibility determined by law exclusively for judges as special state officials. It has been established that the service rights and duties of a judge, determined by the Constitution and legislation of Ukraine on the judicial system, constitute the foundation of his legal status. Thus, the importance of the functions performed by judges, the authority of this profession in society predetermines the existence of a special status of a judge. Accordingly, violations and abuses associated with a person's stay in this status may result in his special legal liability. Keywords: judge, legal responsibility of a judge, justice, office rights and duties of a judge