It is necessary to study Islamic legal theories that relate to and support the Religious Courts in Indonesia as Islamic family courts that grow and develop in resolving disputes fairly, especially for the Indonesian Muslim community. This writing aims to discuss legal theories that support the existence of the Religious Courts in Indonesia and the history of the Religious Courts in Indonesia from before independence until now. The method in this research is normative legal research. The discussion is directed to material analysis of Islamic legal theories and the arguments and principles of fiqh, which form the basis of thinking. The results of research on the existence of the Religious Courts in Indonesia are proven by supporting legal the...