Metal-glass nanocomposites are interesting owing to their particular optical-properties. Ion irradiation can be used as a tool to fabricate nanocomposites. The aim of this thesis was to study, from a fundamental point of view, the behavior of gold nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in an amorphous silica matrix under irradiation. My contribution consists in the interpretation, by modeling and numerical simulation, of experimental results previously obtained by researchers of the Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés. In a first type of experiments, the system was irradiated with 4 MeV gold ions while in a second type the irradiation was performed by using 74 MeV krypton ions.For the study of the first type of experiments, the simulation by kinetic Mon...