This article seeks to explain the axes that structure a theory of myth since the beginnings of Freudian thought, in order to comprehend the conditions for the methodological twist present in the theses of Totem and Taboo. The category of myth operates both as a privileged resource for anthropological anchoring to the construction of a theory of the unconscious and as a method for apprehending the limits of this same knowledge. We demonstrate how the emergence of the psychoanalysis would be tributary of this movement and how an epistemological isonomy was the basis for the myth of the primeval horde.Este artículo busca explicar los ejes estructurales de la teoría del mito presente desde los inicios del pensamiento freudiano, con miras a una ...