Generation of homoclinic tangencies by $C^1$-perturbations.

International audienceGiven a [C^1] -diffeomorphism [f] of a compact manifold, we show that if the stable/unstable dominated splitting along a saddle is weak enough, then there is a small [C^1] -perturbation that preserves the orbit of the saddle and that generates a homoclinic tangency related to it. Moreover, we show that the perturbation can be performed preserving a homoclinic relation to another saddle. We derive some consequences on homoclinic classes. In particular, if the homoclinic class of a saddle [P] has no dominated splitting of same index as [P] , then a [C^1] -perturbation generates a homoclinic tangency related to [P]