Recent insights into astrocytes as therapeutic targets for demyelinating diseases

Astrocytes are a group of glial cells that exhibit great morphological, transcriptional and functional diversity both in the resting brain and in response to injury. In recent years, astrocytes have attracted increasing interest as therapeutic targets for demyelinating diseases. Following a demyelinating insult, astrocytes can adopt a wide spectrum of reactive states, which can exacerbate damage, but may also facilitate oligo-dendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation and myelin regener-ation. In this review, we provide an overview of recent literature on astrocyte-oligodendrocyte interactions in the context of demyelinating diseases. We highlight novel key roles for as-trocytes both during demyelination and remyelination with a focus on potential therapeutic strategies to favor a pro -regenerative astrocyte response in (progressive) multiple sclerosis