Between the Spanish American «modernismo» and avant-garde movements, César Vallejo’s The Black Heralds shows a strong dose of Indigenism, but also provides elements that evoke ancient Tahuantinsuyo, which constitute what may be called Incanism. This paper aims to isolate some of the indigenous referents of The Black Heralds to determine whether they are indigenist (socio-realistic representation), or Incanist (recovery of the Incas). It concludes by defining the indigenous concept in The Black Heralds.Entre los movimientos modernista y vanguardista, Los heraldos negros de César Vallejo ostenta una fuerte dosis de indigenismo, pero también brinda elementos que evocan al antiguo Tahuantinsuyo, los cuales constituyen lo que puede llamarse inca...