Description of Covid-19 Patients with Comorbidity

Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2). At this point, COVID-19 remains the main health issue worldwide, including in Indonesia, with existing risk factors. Comorbidities, smoking, male sex, and the elderly are some of its biggest risk factors. Current data about COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in Indonesia were limited, so this study was made to present more data about the clinical profile of COVID-19 with comorbidities. The descriptive retrospective method was used in this study with secondary data obtained from Christian University of Indonesia General Hospital medical records from January 2020 to December 2020 and aimed to describe the clinical profile of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities. Among 156 samples of COVID-19 patients that were found in this study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 91 patients (58,3%) had at least one comorbidity. They were distributed based on sex, age group, clinical symptoms, type of comorbidity, and the number of comorbidities in each patient. Based on sex distribution, there were 46 male patients (50,5%) and 45 female patients (49,5%). The most prevalent age group was 50 – 54 years old, with 14 patients (15,4%). Fever with 88 patients (95,9%), cough with 86 patients (93,8%), and dyspnea with 55 patients (60,8%) were the most common clinical symptoms. The most common types of comorbidity were hypertension with 66 patients (72,5%), diabetes mellitus (DM) with 20 patients (22,0%), and obesity with 14 patients (15,4%). There were 58 patients (63,8%) with only one comorbidity and 33 patients (36,3%) with ≥ 2 comorbidities. Prompt identification of comorbidities, public enlightenment about comorbidities with other risk factors of COVID-19, and complying with health protocols are recommended to decrease the proportion of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Comorbidity