International audienceThis paper examines how the Roman historian Curtius Rufus appropriates the motif of Alexander’s imitatio Achillis in a historiographical work which constitutes an exemplary discourse on monarchical power. As the Homeric hero is only explicitly mentioned in the speeches that the historian gives to Alexander, Curtius integrates the heroic exemplum into Alexander’s official rhetoric, which is intended to shape the myth about him as hero. However, the character refers to Achilles as a model in passages in which the historian denounces his moral failures and his passions. In order to sharpen his portrait of the king, Curtius’ characterization technique makes use of the polyphony of the historiographical text and poetic inte...