International audienceThe Belt and Road Initiative, announced by President Xi Jinping in 2013, marks a turning point in relations between China and the rest of the world. It is a very ambitious project aimed at strengthening transport, energy and communication infrastructure between China and the countries of Asia, Africa and Europe. The initiative was first introduced in Kazakhstan in September 2013 to highlight the importance of land routes through Central Asia to connect China to Europe. A month later, the NRS was the subject of a second official speech in Indonesia to mark the crucial role of Southeast Asian shipping routes for China to source and export. In May 2017, a summit of the New Silk Roads (NRS) was held in Beijing, in the pres...