Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) Activation and Its Potential Utilization as a Treatment Option for Obesity and Diabetes

Within the human body, there are two types of adipose tissue: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). WAT is beneficial for insulation whereas BAT has thermogenic capacity. BAT activation increases energy consumption via heat generation. Increased energy expenditure is associated with improved glucose and lipid metabolism. Therefore, BAT activation research has primarily been aimed at its potential use in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders. In this literature review, BAT\u27s thermogenic mechanisms, techniques of activation, potential therapeutic targets, and future research topics are explored