Drawing on oral histories, archival research, and an analysis of secondary sources in critical Indigenous studies, environmental studies, and human rights, this dissertation examines Indigenous dispossession, genocide, and eco-fascism in California on Hupa, Yurok, and Karuk lands. In 2002, a massive fish kill catalyzed a concentrated Indigenous environmental justice movement to remove four dams on the Klamath River. These dams negatively impact the health and sustainability of Indigenous relationship to land. As a Hupa scholar, my project addresses how federal and state environmental policy on the Klamath River Basin relies on narrow definitions of genocide, time, and settler-colonial concepts of ownership to continue land dispossession of ...