Security Analysis of a Probabilistic Non-repudiation Protocol

Non-interference is a definition of security introduced for the analysis of confidential information flow in computer systems. In this paper, a probabilistic notion of non-interference is used to reveal information leakage which derives from the probabilistic behavior of systems. In particular, as a case study, we model and analyze a non-repudiation protocol which employs a probabilistic algorithm to achieve a fairness property. The analysis, conducted by resorting to a definition of probabilistic non-interference in the context of process algebras, confirms that a solely nondeterministic approach to the information flow theory is not enough to study the security guarantees of cryptographic protocols