National audienceMato Grosso's soybean production has considerably increased in the last ten years reaching 17.9 millions of tons in 2009 (7.2 in 1998). This expansion has led to severe environmental and socio-economical consequences such as deforestation and urbanization. The objective of this study is to assess the efficiency of remote sensing techniques such as NDVI for analyzing the extent of soybean fields in Mato Grosso and the transformation of agriculture in this State. The NDVI was computed from the SPOT-Vegetation sensor on monthly time series (maximum value composition at a 1 km spatial resolution). It enabled locating cultivated areas and monitoring crop growth. It also allowed the detection of the double cropping management pra...