International audienceDecentralization is a determinant factor of the affirmation of the notion o territory, and also of the notion of " territorialization " , viewed as a calling into question of the inter-territorial solidarity principle, which the development of a neo-regionalism of wealthy regions in Europe is a symptom. Due to its complexity, decentralization is an important but difficult object of study for the sciences which deal with territory matters. This communication proposes a pluri-disciplinary approach, and submit a few proposals based upon the geographic approach, using the Italian, French and European context.La décentralisation est un des leviers de la réémergence de la notion de territoire, elle l'est aussi parfois de la ...