A retrospective study of maternal and fetal outcome in abruptio placentae at a tertiary care hospital in Jharkhand

Introduction: Placental abruption, defined as the premature separation of the placenta, complicates approximately 1% of births. In normal pregnancies, placental separation occurs immediately after birth, while in pregnancies complicated by abruption, the placenta begins to detach before birth. Placental abruption is due to the rupture of the uterine spiral artery.1Bleeding into decidua leads to separation of the placenta. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Department of obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaheed Nirmal Mahto Medical College, Dhanbad, Jharkhand from January 2021 to December 2021. Total number of deliveries from January 2021 to December 2021 were 5700. Total number of abruptio placenta cases from January 2021 to December 2021 were 100. From case sheets, details of the patient like age, parity and maternal high-risk factors were collected. Patients with other causes of APH like placenta previa and other extra placental causes were excluded. All study patients underwent a complete obstetrical examination and clinical workup including history, general physical examination and abdominal and pelvic examination. Detailed obstetric history was obtained and maternal high- risk factors like PIH, GDM, polyhydramnios was noted. Results: Maximum no. of cases (40%) of abruptio placenta were between 31 to 35 years.&nbsp