Prospective follow up study of maternal and foetal outcome in abruption placenta

Background: Abruptio placentae (AP) which is a major cause of maternal morbidity, mortality and perinatal mortality. Abruptio placentae are one of the leading causes of perinatal deaths. Abruptio placentae increase the neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is one of the recognized causes of low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to examine the risk factors for abruptio placentae together with the maternal and fetal outcome in a tertiary care government medical college hospital.Methods: All cases of abruptio placentae admitted in the Department of Obstetrics, Government Raja Mirasdar Teaching Hospital, attached to Government Thanjavur Medical College, Tamilnadu, India during the period August 2014 to July 2015 for the period of one year were included in the study. All infants born to those cases were analyzed as live birth or stillbirth. Apgar score and weight of live born infants were also analyzed. Maternal complications such as DIVC, Renal failure, PPH were also analyzed.Results: The total number of abruptio placentae collected during this period was 102, while the total number of births during the same period was 14620 giving and incidence of 102/14620 (0.69% or 6.9 per thousand live births) for abruptio placentae. The combined stillbirths and first month deaths were 20.2%. Abruptio placentae were associated with pre-eclampsia, diabetes, polyhydramnios and hypertension. Parity and maternal age were not associated with an increased incidence of abruption placentae.Conclusions: We found an increased risk for abruptio placentae associated with maternal diabetes, hypertension, pre-eclampsia and polyhydramnios. Abruptio placentae were associated with adverse maternal and foetal outcomes