In the first part of this report, partial summer melting of antarctic snow, which significantly affects the microwave emissivity of the surface, is identified and counted over 18 years in the 20-year period 1980-1999. To process the satellite data, an algorithm that adapts to the spatial and interannual variability of the mean brightness temperature of snow was developped. The cumulated product of the surface area affected by melting and the duration of the melting event, called Cumulative Melting Surface (CMS), is one of the three melt indices defined and discussed here. On average over the last 20 years, the Antarctic CMS has decreased by 1.8 ± 1 % year-l, a result which is consistent with a mean January cooling of the continent, recently...